Re: [PATCH][v3] Btrfs: add a extent ref verify tool

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On Fri, Sep 01, 2017 at 03:09:30AM -0400, josef@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx wrote:
> From: Josef Bacik <jbacik@xxxxxx>
> 
> We were having corruption issues that were tied back to problems with the extent
> tree.  In order to track them down I built this tool to try and find the
> culprit, which was pretty successful.  If you compile with this tool on it will
> live verify every ref update that the fs makes and make sure it is consistent
> and valid.  I've run this through with xfstests and haven't gotten any false
> positives.  Thanks,
> 
> Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@xxxxxx>
> ---
> v2->v3:
> - fix use after free in an error case

Can you please split the patch into more parts? This is just too big.

* the parameter changes, one per patch
* add ref-veriy.*
* new mount option and enabling the ref-verify

Apart from the specific comments written inline, here's list of thing
that I saw repeatd in several places:

printk instead of the btrfs_* error helpers - the bare printk will not
tell youw which filesystem is affected so it's not helpful when there
are several btrfs filesytems active

please don't split long strings

please don't use %Lu or %Ld format string, %llu

GFP_NOFS -- it's used on the open_ctree path so GFP_KERNEL is the right
and safe flag

misc small coding style issues


I'm half way through reviewing it from the functional side, so far it
looks good.

>  fs/btrfs/Kconfig       |   10 +
>  fs/btrfs/Makefile      |    1 +
>  fs/btrfs/ctree.c       |    2 +-
>  fs/btrfs/ctree.h       |   14 +-
>  fs/btrfs/disk-io.c     |   15 +
>  fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c |   44 ++-
>  fs/btrfs/file.c        |   10 +-
>  fs/btrfs/inode.c       |    9 +-
>  fs/btrfs/ioctl.c       |    2 +-
>  fs/btrfs/ref-verify.c  | 1019 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  fs/btrfs/ref-verify.h  |   51 +++
>  fs/btrfs/relocation.c  |   14 +-
>  fs/btrfs/super.c       |   17 +
>  fs/btrfs/tree-log.c    |    2 +-
>  14 files changed, 1178 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
>  create mode 100644 fs/btrfs/ref-verify.c
>  create mode 100644 fs/btrfs/ref-verify.h
> 
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/Kconfig b/fs/btrfs/Kconfig
> index 80e9c18..77d7f74 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/Kconfig
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/Kconfig
> @@ -89,3 +89,13 @@ config BTRFS_ASSERT
>  	  any of the assertions trip.  This is meant for btrfs developers only.
>  
>  	  If unsure, say N.
> +
> +config BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +	bool "Btrfs with the ref verify tool compiled in"
> +	depends on BTRFS_FS

must be N by default

> +	help
> +	  Enable run-time extent reference verification instrumentation.  This
> +	  is meant to be used by btrfs developers for tracking down extent
> +	  reference problems or verifying they didn't break something.
> +
> +	  If unsure, say N.
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/Makefile b/fs/btrfs/Makefile
> index 128ce17..3172751 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/Makefile
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/Makefile
> @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ btrfs-y += super.o ctree.o extent-tree.o print-tree.o root-tree.o dir-item.o \
>  
>  btrfs-$(CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_POSIX_ACL) += acl.o
>  btrfs-$(CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_CHECK_INTEGRITY) += check-integrity.o
> +btrfs-$(CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY) += ref-verify.o
>  
>  btrfs-$(CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_RUN_SANITY_TESTS) += tests/free-space-tests.o \
>  	tests/extent-buffer-tests.o tests/btrfs-tests.o \
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ctree.c b/fs/btrfs/ctree.c
> index 6d49db7..a4812ce 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/ctree.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/ctree.c
> @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ struct extent_buffer *btrfs_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root)
>   * tree until you end up with a lock on the root.  A locked buffer
>   * is returned, with a reference held.
>   */
> -static struct extent_buffer *btrfs_read_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root)
> +struct extent_buffer *btrfs_read_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root)
>  {
>  	struct extent_buffer *eb;
>  
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ctree.h b/fs/btrfs/ctree.h
> index d49b045..4fa3ddd 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/ctree.h
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/ctree.h
> @@ -1098,6 +1098,12 @@ struct btrfs_fs_info {
>  	u32 nodesize;
>  	u32 sectorsize;
>  	u32 stripesize;
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +	spinlock_t ref_verify_lock;
> +	struct rb_root block_tree;
> +	bool ref_verify_enabled;

the on/off bit can be added to the fs_info::flags instead

> +#endif
>  };
>  
>  static inline struct btrfs_fs_info *btrfs_sb(struct super_block *sb)
> @@ -1336,6 +1342,7 @@ static inline u32 BTRFS_MAX_XATTR_SIZE(const struct btrfs_fs_info *info)
>  #define BTRFS_MOUNT_FRAGMENT_METADATA	(1 << 25)
>  #define BTRFS_MOUNT_FREE_SPACE_TREE	(1 << 26)
>  #define BTRFS_MOUNT_NOLOGREPLAY		(1 << 27)
> +#define BTRFS_MOUNT_REF_VERIFY		(1 << 28)
>  
>  #define BTRFS_DEFAULT_COMMIT_INTERVAL	(30)
>  #define BTRFS_DEFAULT_MAX_INLINE	(2048)
> @@ -2627,7 +2634,7 @@ void btrfs_free_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  			   struct extent_buffer *buf,
>  			   u64 parent, int last_ref);
>  int btrfs_alloc_reserved_file_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
> -				     u64 root_objectid, u64 owner,
> +				     struct btrfs_root *root, u64 owner,
>  				     u64 offset, u64 ram_bytes,
>  				     struct btrfs_key *ins);
>  int btrfs_alloc_logged_file_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
> @@ -2646,7 +2653,7 @@ int btrfs_set_disk_extent_flags(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  				u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes, u64 flags,
>  				int level, int is_data);
>  int btrfs_free_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
> -		      struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
> +		      struct btrfs_root *root,
>  		      u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes, u64 parent, u64 root_objectid,
>  		      u64 owner, u64 offset);
>  
> @@ -2658,7 +2665,7 @@ void btrfs_prepare_extent_commit(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
>  int btrfs_finish_extent_commit(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  			       struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
>  int btrfs_inc_extent_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
> -			 struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
> +			 struct btrfs_root *root,
>  			 u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes, u64 parent,
>  			 u64 root_objectid, u64 owner, u64 offset);
>  
> @@ -2803,6 +2810,7 @@ void btrfs_set_item_key_safe(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
>  			     const struct btrfs_key *new_key);
>  struct extent_buffer *btrfs_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root);
>  struct extent_buffer *btrfs_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root);
> +struct extent_buffer *btrfs_read_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root);
>  int btrfs_find_next_key(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
>  			struct btrfs_key *key, int lowest_level,
>  			u64 min_trans);
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
> index 4a41158..32215e5 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
> @@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
>  #include "sysfs.h"
>  #include "qgroup.h"
>  #include "compression.h"
> +#include "ref-verify.h"
>  
>  #ifdef CONFIG_X86
>  #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
> @@ -2664,6 +2665,12 @@ int open_ctree(struct super_block *sb,
>  	INIT_RADIX_TREE(&fs_info->reada_tree, GFP_NOFS & ~__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM);
>  	spin_lock_init(&fs_info->reada_lock);
>  
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +	spin_lock_init(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	fs_info->block_tree = RB_ROOT;
> +	fs_info->ref_verify_enabled = true;
> +#endif

Please move that to a helper and avoid the #ifdef here
> +
>  	fs_info->thread_pool_size = min_t(unsigned long,
>  					  num_online_cpus() + 2, 8);
>  
> @@ -3079,6 +3086,13 @@ int open_ctree(struct super_block *sb,
>  	if (ret)
>  		goto fail_trans_kthread;
>  
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +	if (btrfs_build_ref_tree(fs_info)) {
> +		fs_info->ref_verify_enabled = false;

btrfs_build_ref_tree will return 0 when REF_VERIFY is off, using the
fs_info::flags for the enabled part will make it possible to get rid of
the ifdeffery

> +		printk(KERN_ERR "BTRFS: couldn't build ref tree\n");
> +	}
> +#endif
> +
>  	/* do not make disk changes in broken FS or nologreplay is given */
>  	if (btrfs_super_log_root(disk_super) != 0 &&
>  	    !btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, NOLOGREPLAY)) {
> @@ -3936,6 +3950,7 @@ void close_ctree(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
>  	cleanup_srcu_struct(&fs_info->subvol_srcu);
>  
>  	btrfs_free_stripe_hash_table(fs_info);
> +	btrfs_free_ref_cache(fs_info);
>  
>  	__btrfs_free_block_rsv(root->orphan_block_rsv);
>  	root->orphan_block_rsv = NULL;
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
> index 1464678..b68fb8c 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
> @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
>  #include "math.h"
>  #include "sysfs.h"
>  #include "qgroup.h"
> +#include "ref-verify.h"
>  
>  #undef SCRAMBLE_DELAYED_REFS
>  
> @@ -2110,16 +2111,20 @@ int btrfs_discard_extent(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 bytenr,
>  
>  /* Can return -ENOMEM */
>  int btrfs_inc_extent_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
> -			 struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
> +			 struct btrfs_root *root,
>  			 u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes, u64 parent,
>  			 u64 root_objectid, u64 owner, u64 offset)
>  {
> +	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
>  	int old_ref_mod, new_ref_mod;
>  	int ret;
>  
>  	BUG_ON(owner < BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID &&
>  	       root_objectid == BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID);
>  
> +	btrfs_ref_tree_mod(root, bytenr, num_bytes, parent, root_objectid,
> +			   owner, offset, BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_REF);
> +
>  	if (owner < BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID) {
>  		ret = btrfs_add_delayed_tree_ref(fs_info, trans, bytenr,
>  						 num_bytes, parent,
> @@ -3270,7 +3275,7 @@ static int __btrfs_mod_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  	int level;
>  	int ret = 0;
>  	int (*process_func)(struct btrfs_trans_handle *,
> -			    struct btrfs_fs_info *,
> +			    struct btrfs_root *,
>  			    u64, u64, u64, u64, u64, u64);
>  
>  
> @@ -3310,7 +3315,7 @@ static int __btrfs_mod_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  
>  			num_bytes = btrfs_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(buf, fi);
>  			key.offset -= btrfs_file_extent_offset(buf, fi);
> -			ret = process_func(trans, fs_info, bytenr, num_bytes,
> +			ret = process_func(trans, root, bytenr, num_bytes,
>  					   parent, ref_root, key.objectid,
>  					   key.offset);
>  			if (ret)
> @@ -3318,7 +3323,7 @@ static int __btrfs_mod_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  		} else {
>  			bytenr = btrfs_node_blockptr(buf, i);
>  			num_bytes = fs_info->nodesize;
> -			ret = process_func(trans, fs_info, bytenr, num_bytes,
> +			ret = process_func(trans, root, bytenr, num_bytes,
>  					   parent, ref_root, level - 1, 0);
>  			if (ret)
>  				goto fail;
> @@ -7154,6 +7159,10 @@ void btrfs_free_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  	if (root->root_key.objectid != BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID) {
>  		int old_ref_mod, new_ref_mod;
>  
> +		btrfs_ref_tree_mod(root, buf->start, buf->len, parent,
> +				   root->root_key.objectid,
> +				   btrfs_header_level(buf), 0,
> +				   BTRFS_DROP_DELAYED_REF);
>  		ret = btrfs_add_delayed_tree_ref(fs_info, trans, buf->start,
>  						 buf->len, parent,
>  						 root->root_key.objectid,
> @@ -7206,16 +7215,21 @@ void btrfs_free_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  
>  /* Can return -ENOMEM */
>  int btrfs_free_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
> -		      struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
> +		      struct btrfs_root *root,
>  		      u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes, u64 parent, u64 root_objectid,
>  		      u64 owner, u64 offset)
>  {
> +	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
>  	int old_ref_mod, new_ref_mod;
>  	int ret;
>  
>  	if (btrfs_is_testing(fs_info))
>  		return 0;
>  
> +	if (root_objectid != BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID)
> +		btrfs_ref_tree_mod(root, bytenr, num_bytes, parent,
> +				   root_objectid, owner, offset,
> +				   BTRFS_DROP_DELAYED_REF);
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * tree log blocks never actually go into the extent allocation
> @@ -8183,17 +8197,22 @@ static int alloc_reserved_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  }
>  
>  int btrfs_alloc_reserved_file_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
> -				     u64 root_objectid, u64 owner,
> +				     struct btrfs_root *root, u64 owner,
>  				     u64 offset, u64 ram_bytes,
>  				     struct btrfs_key *ins)
>  {
> -	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
> +	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
>  	int ret;
>  
> -	BUG_ON(root_objectid == BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID);
> +	BUG_ON(root->root_key.objectid == BTRFS_TREE_LOG_OBJECTID);
> +
> +	btrfs_ref_tree_mod(root, ins->objectid, ins->offset, 0,
> +			   root->root_key.objectid, owner, offset,
> +			   BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_EXTENT);
>  
>  	ret = btrfs_add_delayed_data_ref(fs_info, trans, ins->objectid,
> -					 ins->offset, 0, root_objectid, owner,
> +					 ins->offset, 0,
> +					 root->root_key.objectid, owner,
>  					 offset, ram_bytes,
>  					 BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_EXTENT, NULL, NULL);
>  	return ret;
> @@ -8415,6 +8434,9 @@ struct extent_buffer *btrfs_alloc_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  		extent_op->is_data = false;
>  		extent_op->level = level;
>  
> +		btrfs_ref_tree_mod(root, ins.objectid, ins.offset, parent,
> +				   root_objectid, level, 0,
> +				   BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_EXTENT);
>  		ret = btrfs_add_delayed_tree_ref(fs_info, trans, ins.objectid,
>  						 ins.offset, parent,
>  						 root_objectid, level,
> @@ -8771,7 +8793,7 @@ static noinline int do_walk_down(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  					     ret);
>  			}
>  		}
> -		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info, bytenr, blocksize,
> +		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, root, bytenr, blocksize,
>  					parent, root->root_key.objectid,
>  					level - 1, 0);
>  		if (ret)
> @@ -10264,6 +10286,8 @@ int btrfs_remove_block_group(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  	 * remove it.
>  	 */
>  	free_excluded_extents(fs_info, block_group);
> +	btrfs_free_ref_tree_range(fs_info, block_group->key.objectid,
> +				  block_group->key.offset);
>  
>  	memcpy(&key, &block_group->key, sizeof(key));
>  	index = get_block_group_index(block_group);
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/file.c b/fs/btrfs/file.c
> index aeab384..7d01dc4 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/file.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/file.c
> @@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ int __btrfs_drop_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  			btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(leaf);
>  
>  			if (update_refs && disk_bytenr > 0) {
> -				ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, fs_info,
> +				ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, root,
>  						disk_bytenr, num_bytes, 0,
>  						root->root_key.objectid,
>  						new_key.objectid,
> @@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ int __btrfs_drop_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  				extent_end = ALIGN(extent_end,
>  						   fs_info->sectorsize);
>  			} else if (update_refs && disk_bytenr > 0) {
> -				ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info,
> +				ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, root,
>  						disk_bytenr, num_bytes, 0,
>  						root->root_key.objectid,
>  						key.objectid, key.offset -
> @@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@ int btrfs_mark_extent_written(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  						extent_end - split);
>  		btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(leaf);
>  
> -		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, fs_info, bytenr, num_bytes,
> +		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, root, bytenr, num_bytes,
>  					   0, root->root_key.objectid,
>  					   ino, orig_offset);
>  		if (ret) {
> @@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@ int btrfs_mark_extent_written(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  		extent_end = other_end;
>  		del_slot = path->slots[0] + 1;
>  		del_nr++;
> -		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info, bytenr, num_bytes,
> +		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, root, bytenr, num_bytes,
>  					0, root->root_key.objectid,
>  					ino, orig_offset);
>  		if (ret) {
> @@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@ int btrfs_mark_extent_written(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  		key.offset = other_start;
>  		del_slot = path->slots[0];
>  		del_nr++;
> -		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info, bytenr, num_bytes,
> +		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, root, bytenr, num_bytes,
>  					0, root->root_key.objectid,
>  					ino, orig_offset);
>  		if (ret) {
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/inode.c b/fs/btrfs/inode.c
> index 0038de5..f9f9de5 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/inode.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/inode.c
> @@ -2215,8 +2215,9 @@ static int insert_reserved_file_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  	if (ret < 0)
>  		goto out;
>  	qg_released = ret;
> -	ret = btrfs_alloc_reserved_file_extent(trans, root->root_key.objectid,
> -			btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode)), file_pos, qg_released, &ins);
> +	ret = btrfs_alloc_reserved_file_extent(trans, root,
> +					       btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode)),
> +					       file_pos, qg_released, &ins);
>  out:
>  	btrfs_free_path(path);
>  
> @@ -2668,7 +2669,7 @@ static noinline int relink_extent_backref(struct btrfs_path *path,
>  	inode_add_bytes(inode, len);
>  	btrfs_release_path(path);
>  
> -	ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, fs_info, new->bytenr,
> +	ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, root, new->bytenr,
>  			new->disk_len, 0,
>  			backref->root_id, backref->inum,
>  			new->file_pos);	/* start - extent_offset */
> @@ -4659,7 +4660,7 @@ int btrfs_truncate_inode_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  		     root == fs_info->tree_root)) {
>  			btrfs_set_path_blocking(path);
>  			bytes_deleted += extent_num_bytes;
> -			ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info, extent_start,
> +			ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, root, extent_start,
>  						extent_num_bytes, 0,
>  						btrfs_header_owner(leaf),
>  						ino, extent_offset);
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c b/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
> index 137402f..d4e3eb6 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
> @@ -3704,7 +3704,7 @@ static int btrfs_clone(struct inode *src, struct inode *inode,
>  				if (disko) {
>  					inode_add_bytes(inode, datal);
>  					ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans,
> -							fs_info,
> +							root,
>  							disko, diskl, 0,
>  							root->root_key.objectid,
>  							btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode)),
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ref-verify.c b/fs/btrfs/ref-verify.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..5d3aa8b
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/ref-verify.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,1019 @@
> +/*
> + * Copyright (C) 2014 Facebook.  All rights reserved.
> + *
> + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
> + * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
> + * License v2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
> + *
> + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
> + * General Public License for more details.
> + *
> + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
> + * License along with this program; if not, write to the
> + * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
> + * Boston, MA 021110-1307, USA.
> + */
> +#include <linux/sched.h>
> +#include <linux/stacktrace.h>
> +#include "ctree.h"
> +#include "disk-io.h"
> +#include "locking.h"
> +#include "delayed-ref.h"
> +#include "ref-verify.h"
> +
> +/*
> + * Used to keep track the roots and number of refs each root has for a given
> + * bytenr.  This just tracks the number of direct references, no shared
> + * references.
> + */
> +struct root_entry {
> +	u64 root_objectid;
> +	u64 num_refs;
> +	struct rb_node node;
> +};
> +
> +/*
> + * These are meant to represent what should exist in the extent tree, these can
> + * be used to verify the extent tree is consistent as these should all match
> + * what the extent tree says.
> + */
> +struct ref_entry {
> +	u64 root_objectid;
> +	u64 parent;
> +	u64 owner;
> +	u64 offset;
> +	u64 num_refs;
> +	struct rb_node node;
> +};
> +
> +#define MAX_TRACE	16
> +
> +/*
> + * Whenever we add/remove a reference we record the action.  The action maps
> + * back to the delayed ref action.  We hold the ref we are changing in the
> + * action so we can account for the history properly, and we record the root we
> + * were called with since it could be different from ref_root.  We also store
> + * stack traces because thats how I roll.
> + */
> +struct ref_action {
> +	int action;
> +	u64 root;
> +	struct ref_entry ref;
> +	struct list_head list;
> +	unsigned long trace[MAX_TRACE];
> +	unsigned int trace_len;
> +};
> +
> +/*
> + * One of these for every block we reference, it holds the roots and references
> + * to it as well as all of the ref actions that have occured to it.  We never
> + * free it until we unmount the file system in order to make sure re-allocations
> + * are happening properly.
> + */
> +struct block_entry {
> +	u64 bytenr;
> +	u64 len;
> +	u64 num_refs;
> +	int metadata;
> +	struct rb_root roots;
> +	struct rb_root refs;
> +	struct rb_node node;
> +	struct list_head actions;
> +};
> +
> +static struct block_entry *insert_block_entry(struct rb_root *root,
> +					      struct block_entry *be)
> +{
> +	struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
> +	struct rb_node *parent_node = NULL;
> +	struct block_entry *entry;
> +
> +	while (*p) {
> +		parent_node = *p;
> +		entry = rb_entry(parent_node, struct block_entry, node);
> +		if (entry->bytenr > be->bytenr)
> +			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
> +		else if (entry->bytenr < be->bytenr)
> +			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
> +		else
> +			return entry;
> +	}
> +
> +	rb_link_node(&be->node, parent_node, p);
> +	rb_insert_color(&be->node, root);
> +	return NULL;
> +}
> +
> +static struct block_entry *lookup_block_entry(struct rb_root *root, u64 bytenr)
> +{
> +	struct rb_node *n;
> +	struct block_entry *entry = NULL;
> +
> +	n = root->rb_node;
> +	while (n) {
> +		entry = rb_entry(n, struct block_entry, node);
> +		if (entry->bytenr < bytenr)
> +			n = n->rb_right;
> +		else if (entry->bytenr > bytenr)
> +			n = n->rb_left;
> +		else
> +			return entry;
> +	}
> +	return NULL;
> +}
> +
> +static struct root_entry *insert_root_entry(struct rb_root *root,
> +					    struct root_entry *re)
> +{
> +	struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
> +	struct rb_node *parent_node = NULL;
> +	struct root_entry *entry;
> +
> +	while (*p) {
> +		parent_node = *p;
> +		entry = rb_entry(parent_node, struct root_entry, node);
> +		if (entry->root_objectid > re->root_objectid)
> +			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
> +		else if (entry->root_objectid < re->root_objectid)
> +			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
> +		else
> +			return entry;
> +	}
> +
> +	rb_link_node(&re->node, parent_node, p);
> +	rb_insert_color(&re->node, root);
> +	return NULL;
> +
> +}
> +
> +static int comp_refs(struct ref_entry *ref1, struct ref_entry *ref2)
> +{
> +	if (ref1->root_objectid < ref2->root_objectid)
> +		return -1;
> +	if (ref1->root_objectid > ref2->root_objectid)
> +		return 1;
> +	if (ref1->parent < ref2->parent)
> +		return -1;
> +	if (ref1->parent > ref2->parent)
> +		return 1;
> +	if (ref1->owner < ref2->owner)
> +		return -1;
> +	if (ref1->owner > ref2->owner)
> +		return 1;
> +	if (ref1->offset < ref2->offset)
> +		return -1;
> +	if (ref1->offset > ref2->offset)
> +		return 1;
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static struct ref_entry *insert_ref_entry(struct rb_root *root,
> +					  struct ref_entry *ref)
> +{
> +	struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
> +	struct rb_node *parent_node = NULL;
> +	struct ref_entry *entry;
> +	int cmp;
> +
> +	while (*p) {
> +		parent_node = *p;
> +		entry = rb_entry(parent_node, struct ref_entry, node);
> +		cmp = comp_refs(entry, ref);
> +		if (cmp > 0)
> +			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
> +		else if (cmp < 0)
> +			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
> +		else
> +			return entry;
> +	}
> +
> +	rb_link_node(&ref->node, parent_node, p);
> +	rb_insert_color(&ref->node, root);
> +	return NULL;
> +
> +}
> +
> +static struct root_entry *lookup_root_entry(struct rb_root *root, u64 objectid)
> +{
> +	struct rb_node *n;
> +	struct root_entry *entry = NULL;
> +
> +	n = root->rb_node;
> +	while (n) {
> +		entry = rb_entry(n, struct root_entry, node);
> +		if (entry->root_objectid < objectid)
> +			n = n->rb_right;
> +		else if (entry->root_objectid > objectid)
> +			n = n->rb_left;
> +		else
> +			return entry;
> +	}
> +	return NULL;
> +}
> +
> +static void update_block_entry(struct btrfs_root *root, struct block_entry *be,
> +			       struct root_entry *re)
> +{
> +	struct root_entry *exist;
> +
> +	exist = insert_root_entry(&be->roots, re);
> +	if (exist) {
> +		kfree(re);
> +		re = exist;
> +	}
> +	be->num_refs++;
> +}
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_STACK_TRACE
> +static void __save_stack_trace(struct ref_action *ra)
> +{
> +	struct stack_trace stack_trace;
> +
> +	stack_trace.max_entries = MAX_TRACE;
> +	stack_trace.nr_entries = 0;
> +	stack_trace.entries = ra->trace;
> +	stack_trace.skip = 2;
> +	save_stack_trace(&stack_trace);
> +	ra->trace_len = stack_trace.nr_entries;
> +}
> +
> +static void __print_stack_trace(struct ref_action *ra)
> +{
> +	struct stack_trace trace;
> +	trace.nr_entries = ra->trace_len;
> +	trace.entries = ra->trace;
> +	print_stack_trace(&trace, 2);
> +}
> +#else
> +static void inline __save_stack_trace(struct ref_action *ra) {}
> +static void inline __print_stack_trace(struct ref_action *ra)
> +{
> +	printk(KERN_ERR "  No stacktrace support\n");
> +}
> +#endif
> +
> +static void free_block_entry(struct block_entry *be)
> +{
> +	struct root_entry *re;
> +	struct ref_entry *ref;
> +	struct ref_action *ra;
> +	struct rb_node *n;
> +
> +	while ((n = rb_first(&be->roots))) {
> +		re = rb_entry(n, struct root_entry, node);
> +		rb_erase(&re->node, &be->roots);
> +		kfree(re);
> +	}
> +
> +	while((n = rb_first(&be->refs))) {
> +		ref = rb_entry(n, struct ref_entry, node);
> +		rb_erase(&ref->node, &be->refs);
> +		kfree(ref);
> +	}
> +
> +	while (!list_empty(&be->actions)) {
> +		ra = list_first_entry(&be->actions, struct ref_action,
> +				      list);
> +		list_del(&ra->list);
> +		kfree(ra);
> +	}
> +	kfree(be);
> +}
> +
> +static struct block_entry *add_block_entry(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 bytenr,
> +					   u64 len, u64 root_objectid)
> +{
> +	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
> +	struct block_entry *be = NULL, *exist;
> +	struct root_entry *re = NULL;
> +
> +	re = kmalloc(sizeof(struct root_entry), GFP_NOFS);
> +	be = kmalloc(sizeof(struct block_entry), GFP_NOFS);
> +	if (!be || !re) {
> +		kfree(re);
> +		kfree(be);
> +		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
> +	}
> +	be->bytenr = bytenr;
> +	be->len = len;
> +
> +	re->root_objectid = root_objectid;
> +	re->num_refs = 0;
> +
> +	spin_lock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	exist = insert_block_entry(&fs_info->block_tree, be);
> +	if (exist) {
> +		update_block_entry(root, exist, re);
> +		kfree(be);
> +		be = exist;
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +
> +	be->num_refs = 1;
> +	be->metadata = 0;
> +	be->roots = RB_ROOT;
> +	be->refs = RB_ROOT;
> +	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&be->actions);
> +	if (insert_root_entry(&be->roots, re)) {
> +		rb_erase(&be->node, &fs_info->block_tree);
> +		kfree(re);
> +		kfree(be);
> +		be = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
> +		ASSERT(0);
> +	}
> +out:
> +	spin_unlock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	return be;
> +}
> +
> +static int add_tree_block(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 parent, u64 bytenr,
> +			  int level)
> +{
> +	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
> +	struct block_entry *be;
> +	struct root_entry *re;
> +	struct ref_entry *ref = NULL, *exist;
> +	struct ref_action *ra;
> +
> +	ref = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_entry), GFP_NOFS);
> +	if (!ref)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +	ra = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_action), GFP_NOFS);
> +	if (!ra) {
> +		kfree(ref);
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (parent)
> +		ref->root_objectid = 0;
> +	else
> +		ref->root_objectid = root->objectid;
> +	ref->parent = parent;
> +	ref->owner = level;
> +	ref->offset = 0;
> +	ref->num_refs = 1;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Action is tied to the delayed ref actions, so just use
> +	 * UPDATE_DELAYED_HEAD to indicate we got this during a scan.
> +	 */
> +	ra->action = BTRFS_UPDATE_DELAYED_HEAD;
> +	ra->root = root->objectid;
> +	memcpy(&ra->ref, ref, sizeof(struct ref_entry));
> +	__save_stack_trace(ra);
> +	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ra->list);
> +
> +	be = add_block_entry(root, bytenr, fs_info->nodesize, root->objectid);
> +	if (IS_ERR(be)) {
> +		kfree(ref);
> +		kfree(ra);
> +		return PTR_ERR(be);
> +	}
> +
> +	spin_lock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	be->metadata = 1;
> +
> +	if (!parent) {
> +		re = lookup_root_entry(&be->roots, root->objectid);
> +		ASSERT(re);
> +		re->num_refs++;
> +	}
> +	exist = insert_ref_entry(&be->refs, ref);
> +	if (exist) {
> +		exist->num_refs++;
> +		kfree(ref);
> +	}
> +	list_add_tail(&ra->list, &be->actions);
> +	spin_unlock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int process_leaf(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
> +			int shared)
> +{
> +	struct extent_buffer *leaf = path->nodes[0];
> +	struct btrfs_file_extent_item *fi;
> +	struct block_entry *be;
> +	struct ref_entry *ref = NULL, *exist;
> +	struct root_entry *re;
> +	struct ref_action *ra;
> +	u64 bytenr, num_bytes, offset;
> +	struct btrfs_key key;
> +	int i = 0;
> +	int nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(leaf);
> +	u8 type;
> +
> +	for (i = 0; i < nritems; i++) {
> +		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, i);
> +		if (key.type != BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
> +			continue;
> +		fi = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, i, struct btrfs_file_extent_item);
> +		type = btrfs_file_extent_type(leaf, fi);
> +		if (type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_INLINE)
> +			continue;
> +		ASSERT(type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_REG ||
> +		       type == BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_PREALLOC);
> +		bytenr = btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(leaf, fi);
> +		if (bytenr == 0)
> +			continue;
> +		num_bytes = btrfs_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(leaf, fi);
> +		offset = key.offset - btrfs_file_extent_offset(leaf, fi);
> +
> +		be = add_block_entry(root, bytenr, num_bytes, root->objectid);
> +		if (IS_ERR(be))
> +			return PTR_ERR(be);
> +		ref = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_entry), GFP_NOFS);
> +		if (!ref)
> +			return -ENOMEM;
> +		ra = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_action), GFP_NOFS);
> +		if (!ra) {
> +			kfree(ref);
> +			return -ENOMEM;
> +		}
> +
> +		if (shared) {
> +			ref->root_objectid = 0;
> +			ref->parent = leaf->start;
> +		} else {
> +			ref->root_objectid = root->objectid;
> +			ref->parent = 0;
> +		}
> +		ref->owner = key.objectid;
> +		ref->offset = key.offset -
> +			btrfs_file_extent_offset(leaf, fi);
> +		ref->num_refs = 1;
> +
> +		ra->action = BTRFS_UPDATE_DELAYED_HEAD;
> +		ra->root = root->objectid;
> +		memcpy(&ra->ref, ref, sizeof(struct ref_entry));
> +		__save_stack_trace(ra);
> +		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ra->list);
> +
> +		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +
> +		if (!shared) {
> +			re = lookup_root_entry(&be->roots, root->objectid);
> +			ASSERT(re);
> +			re->num_refs++;
> +		}
> +
> +		exist = insert_ref_entry(&be->refs, ref);
> +		if (exist) {
> +			kfree(ref);
> +			exist->num_refs++;
> +		}
> +		list_add_tail(&ra->list, &be->actions);
> +		spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int add_shared_refs(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
> +			   int level)
> +{
> +	int i;
> +	int ret = 0;
> +
> +	if (level == 0)
> +		return process_leaf(root, path, 1);
> +
> +	for (i = 0; i < btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[level]); i++) {
> +		u64 bytenr;
> +
> +		bytenr = btrfs_node_blockptr(path->nodes[level], i);
> +		ret = add_tree_block(root, path->nodes[level]->start, bytenr,
> +				     level-1);

				     level - 1

> +		if (ret)
> +			break;
> +	}
> +
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
> +/* Walk down to the leaf from the given level */
> +static int walk_down_tree(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
> +			  int level)
> +{
> +	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
> +	struct extent_buffer *eb;
> +	u64 bytenr, gen;
> +	int ret = 0;
> +
> +	while (level >= 0) {
> +		if (btrfs_header_owner(path->nodes[level]) != root->objectid) {
> +			u64 refs, flags;

missing newline

> +			if (!btrfs_block_can_be_shared(root, path->nodes[level]))
> +				break;
> +			eb = path->nodes[level];
> +			ret = btrfs_lookup_extent_info(NULL, fs_info,
> +						       eb->start, level, 1,
> +						       &refs, &flags);
> +			if (ret)
> +				break;
> +			if (refs == 0) {
> +				WARN_ON(1);
> +				ret = -EINVAL;
> +				break;
> +			}
> +
> +			if (flags & BTRFS_BLOCK_FLAG_FULL_BACKREF)
> +				ret = add_shared_refs(root, path, level);
> +			break;
> +		}
> +		if (level) {
> +			bytenr = btrfs_node_blockptr(path->nodes[level],
> +						     path->slots[level]);
> +			gen = btrfs_node_ptr_generation(path->nodes[level],
> +							path->slots[level]);
> +			eb = read_tree_block(fs_info, bytenr, gen);
> +			if (!eb || !extent_buffer_uptodate(eb)) {
> +				free_extent_buffer(eb);
> +				return -EIO;
> +			}
> +			btrfs_tree_read_lock(eb);
> +			btrfs_set_lock_blocking_rw(eb, BTRFS_READ_LOCK);
> +			path->nodes[level-1] = eb;
> +			path->slots[level-1] = 0;
> +			path->locks[level-1] = BTRFS_READ_LOCK_BLOCKING;
> +
> +			ret = add_tree_block(root, 0, bytenr, level-1);
> +			if (ret)
> +				break;
> +		} else if (test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_REF_COWS, &root->state) ||
> +			   root == root->fs_info->tree_root) {
> +			ret = process_leaf(root, path, 0);
> +			if (ret)
> +				break;
> +		}
> +		level--;
> +	}
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
> +/* Walk up to the next node that needs to be processed */
> +static int walk_up_tree(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
> +			int *level)
> +{
> +	int l = 0;
> +
> +	while (l < BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL) {

This is a for cycle in disguise

> +		if (!path->nodes[l]) {
> +			l++;
> +			continue;
> +		}
> +		if (!l)
> +			goto drop;
> +		path->slots[l]++;
> +		if (path->slots[l] < btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[l])) {
> +			*level = l;
> +			return 0;
> +		}
> +drop:
> +		btrfs_tree_unlock_rw(path->nodes[l], path->locks[l]);
> +		free_extent_buffer(path->nodes[l]);
> +		path->nodes[l] = NULL;
> +		path->slots[l] = 0;
> +		path->locks[l] = 0;
> +		l++;
> +	}
> +
> +	return 1;
> +}
> +
> +static int build_ref_tree_for_root(struct btrfs_root *root)
> +{
> +	struct btrfs_path *path;
> +	struct extent_buffer *eb;
> +	int level;
> +	int ret = 0;
> +
> +	path = btrfs_alloc_path();
> +	if (!path)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +	eb = btrfs_read_lock_root_node(root);
> +	btrfs_set_lock_blocking_rw(eb, BTRFS_READ_LOCK);
> +	level = btrfs_header_level(eb);
> +	path->nodes[level] = eb;
> +	path->slots[level] = 0;
> +	path->locks[level] = BTRFS_READ_LOCK_BLOCKING;
> +
> +	ret = add_tree_block(root, 0, eb->start, level);
> +	if (ret) {
> +		btrfs_free_path(path);
> +		return ret;
> +	}
> +
> +	while (1) {
> +		ret = walk_down_tree(root, path, level);
> +		if (ret)
> +			break;
> +		ret = walk_up_tree(root, path, &level);
> +		if (ret < 0)
> +			break;
> +		if (ret > 0) {
> +			ret = 0;
> +			break;
> +		}
> +	}
> +	if (ret)
> +		btrfs_free_ref_cache(root->fs_info);
> +	btrfs_free_path(path);
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
> +
> +static void dump_ref_action(struct ref_action *ra)
> +{
> +	printk(KERN_ERR "  Ref action %d, root %llu, ref_root %llu, parent "
> +	       "%llu, owner %llu, offset %llu, num_refs %llu\n",
> +	       ra->action, ra->root, ra->ref.root_objectid, ra->ref.parent,
> +	       ra->ref.owner, ra->ref.offset, ra->ref.num_refs);
> +	__print_stack_trace(ra);
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Dumps all the information from the block entry to printk, it's going to be
> + * awesome.
> + */
> +static void dump_block_entry(struct block_entry *be)
> +{
> +	struct ref_entry *ref;
> +	struct root_entry *re;
> +	struct ref_action *ra;
> +	struct rb_node *n;
> +
> +	printk(KERN_ERR "Dumping block entry [%llu %llu], num_refs %llu, "
> +	       "metadata %d\n", be->bytenr, be->len, be->num_refs,
> +	       be->metadata);
> +
> +	for (n = rb_first(&be->refs); n; n = rb_next(n)) {
> +		ref = rb_entry(n, struct ref_entry, node);
> +		printk(KERN_ERR "  Ref root %llu, parent %llu, owner %llu, "
> +		       "offset %llu, num_refs %llu\n", ref->root_objectid,
> +		       ref->parent, ref->owner, ref->offset, ref->num_refs);
> +	}
> +
> +	for (n = rb_first(&be->roots); n; n = rb_next(n)) {
> +		re = rb_entry(n, struct root_entry, node);
> +		printk(KERN_ERR "  Root entry %llu, num_refs %llu\n",
> +		       re->root_objectid, re->num_refs);
> +	}
> +
> +	list_for_each_entry(ra, &be->actions, list)
> +		dump_ref_action(ra);
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * btrfs_ref_tree_mod: called when we modify a ref for a bytenr
> + * @root: the root we are making this modification from.
> + * @bytenr: the bytenr we are modifying.
> + * @num_bytes: number of bytes.
> + * @parent: the parent bytenr.
> + * @ref_root: the original root owner of the bytenr.
> + * @owner: level in the case of metadata, inode in the case of data.
> + * @offset: 0 for metadata, file offset for data.
> + * @action: the action that we are doing, this is the same as the delayed ref
> + *	action.
> + *
> + * This will add an action item to the given bytenr and do sanity checks to make
> + * sure we haven't messed something up.  If we are making a new allocation and
> + * this block entry has history we will delete all previous actions as long as
> + * our sanity checks pass as they are no longer needed.
> + */
> +int btrfs_ref_tree_mod(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes,
> +		       u64 parent, u64 ref_root, u64 owner, u64 offset,
> +		       int action)
> +{
> +	struct ref_entry *ref = NULL, *exist;
> +	struct ref_action *ra = NULL;
> +	struct block_entry *be = NULL;
> +	struct root_entry *re;
> +	int ret = 0;
> +	bool metadata = owner < BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID;
> +	bool update_caller_root = root->objectid != ref_root;
> +
> +	if (!btrfs_test_opt(root->fs_info, REF_VERIFY))
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	if (!root->fs_info->ref_verify_enabled)
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	ref = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_entry), GFP_NOFS);
> +	ra = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_action), GFP_NOFS);
> +	if (!ra || !ref) {
> +		kfree(ref);
> +		kfree(ra);
> +		ret = -ENOMEM;
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (parent) {
> +		ref->root_objectid = 0;
> +	} else {
> +		ref->root_objectid = ref_root;
> +	}
> +	ref->parent = parent;
> +	ref->owner = owner;
> +	ref->offset = offset;
> +	ref->num_refs = (action == BTRFS_DROP_DELAYED_REF) ? -1 : 1;
> +
> +	memcpy(&ra->ref, ref, sizeof(struct ref_entry));
> +	__save_stack_trace(ra);
> +
> +	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ra->list);
> +	ra->action = action;
> +	ra->root = root->objectid;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * This is an allocation, preallocate the block_entry in case we haven't
> +	 * used it before.
> +	 */
> +	ret = -EINVAL;
> +	if (action == BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_EXTENT) {
> +		update_caller_root = false;
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * For subvol_create we'll just pass in whatever the parent root
> +		 * is and the new root objectid, so let's not treat the passed
> +		 * in root as if it really has a ref for this bytenr.
> +		 */
> +		be = add_block_entry(root, bytenr, num_bytes, ref_root);
> +		if (IS_ERR(be)) {
> +			kfree(ra);
> +			ret = PTR_ERR(be);
> +			goto out;
> +		}
> +
> +		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +		if (metadata)
> +			be->metadata = 1;
> +
> +		if (be->num_refs != 1) {
> +			printk(KERN_ERR "re-allocated a block that still has "
> +			       "references to it!\n");
> +			dump_block_entry(be);
> +			dump_ref_action(ra);
> +			goto out_unlock;
> +		}
> +
> +		while (!list_empty(&be->actions)) {
> +			struct ref_action *tmp;
> +			tmp = list_first_entry(&be->actions, struct ref_action,
> +					       list);
> +			list_del(&tmp->list);
> +			kfree(tmp);
> +		}
> +	} else {
> +		struct root_entry *tmp;
> +
> +		re = kmalloc(sizeof(struct root_entry), GFP_NOFS);
> +		if (!re) {
> +			kfree(ref);
> +			kfree(ra);
> +			ret = -ENOMEM;
> +			goto out;
> +		}
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * The ref root is the original owner, we want to lookup the
> +		 * root responsible for this modification.
> +		 */
> +		ref_root = root->objectid;
> +		re->root_objectid = root->objectid;
> +		re->num_refs = 0;
> +
> +		spin_lock(&root->fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +		be = lookup_block_entry(&root->fs_info->block_tree, bytenr);
> +		if (!be) {
> +			printk(KERN_ERR "Trying to do action %d to bytenr %Lu "
> +			       " num_bytes %Lu but there is no existing "
> +			       "entry!\n", action, bytenr, num_bytes);
> +			dump_ref_action(ra);
> +			kfree(ref);
> +			kfree(ra);
> +			goto out_unlock;
> +		}
> +
> +		tmp = insert_root_entry(&be->roots, re);
> +		if (tmp)
> +			kfree(re);
> +	}
> +
> +	exist = insert_ref_entry(&be->refs, ref);
> +	if (exist) {
> +		if (action == BTRFS_DROP_DELAYED_REF) {
> +			if (exist->num_refs == 0) {
> +				printk(KERN_ERR "Dropping a ref for a "
> +				       "existing root that doesn't have a ref "
> +				       "on the block\n");
> +				dump_block_entry(be);
> +				dump_ref_action(ra);
> +				kfree(ra);
> +				goto out_unlock;
> +			}
> +			exist->num_refs--;
> +			if (exist->num_refs == 0) {
> +				rb_erase(&exist->node, &be->refs);
> +				kfree(exist);
> +			}
> +		} else {
> +			exist->num_refs++;
> +		}
> +		kfree(ref);
> +	} else {
> +		if (action == BTRFS_DROP_DELAYED_REF) {
> +			printk(KERN_ERR "Dropping a ref for a root that "
> +			       "doesn't have a ref on the block\n");
> +			dump_block_entry(be);
> +			dump_ref_action(ra);
> +			kfree(ra);
> +			goto out_unlock;
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	re = lookup_root_entry(&be->roots, ref_root);
> +	if (!re) {
> +		/*
> +		 * This really shouldn't happen but there where bugs when I
> +		 * originally put this stuff together so I would hit it every
> +		 * once and a while.  Now everything is working so it really
> +		 * won't get tripped, but if anybody starts messing around in
> +		 * here it will be a nice sanity check instead of a panic.  We
> +		 * can remove it later if we need to.
> +		 */
> +		printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to find root %llu for %llu",
> +		       ref_root, be->bytenr);
> +		dump_block_entry(be);
> +		dump_ref_action(ra);
> +		kfree(ra);
> +		goto out_unlock;
> +	}
> +	ASSERT(re);
> +	if (action == BTRFS_DROP_DELAYED_REF) {
> +		if (!parent)
> +			re->num_refs--;
> +		be->num_refs--;
> +	} else if (action == BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_REF) {
> +		be->num_refs++;
> +		if (!parent)
> +			re->num_refs++;
> +	}
> +	list_add_tail(&ra->list, &be->actions);
> +	ret = 0;
> +out_unlock:
> +	spin_unlock(&root->fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +out:
> +	if (ret)
> +		root->fs_info->ref_verify_enabled = false;
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
> +/* Free up the ref cache */
> +void btrfs_free_ref_cache(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
> +{
> +	struct block_entry *be;
> +	struct rb_node *n;
> +
> +	if (!btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, REF_VERIFY))
> +		return;
> +
> +	spin_lock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	while ((n = rb_first(&fs_info->block_tree))) {
> +		be = rb_entry(n, struct block_entry, node);
> +		rb_erase(&be->node, &fs_info->block_tree);
> +		free_block_entry(be);
> +		cond_resched_lock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	}
> +	spin_unlock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +}
> +
> +void btrfs_free_ref_tree_range(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 start,
> +			       u64 len)
> +{
> +	struct block_entry *be = NULL, *entry;
> +	struct rb_node *n;
> +
> +	if (!btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, REF_VERIFY))
> +		return;
> +
> +	spin_lock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +	n = fs_info->block_tree.rb_node;
> +	while (n) {
> +		entry = rb_entry(n, struct block_entry, node);
> +		if (entry->bytenr < start) {
> +			n = n->rb_right;
> +		} else if (entry->bytenr > start) {
> +			n = n->rb_left;
> +		} else {
> +			be = entry;
> +			break;
> +		}
> +		/* We want to get as close to start as possible */
> +		if (be == NULL ||
> +		    (entry->bytenr < start && be->bytenr > start) ||
> +		    (entry->bytenr < start && entry->bytenr > be->bytenr))
> +			be = entry;
> +	}
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Could have an empty block group, maybe have something to check for
> +	 * this case to verify we were actually empty?
> +	 */
> +	if (!be) {
> +		spin_unlock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	n = &be->node;
> +	while (n) {
> +		be = rb_entry(n, struct block_entry, node);
> +		n = rb_next(n);
> +		if (be->bytenr < start && be->bytenr + be->len > start) {
> +			printk(KERN_ERR "Block entry overlaps a block "
> +			       "group [%llu,%llu]!\n", start, len);
> +			dump_block_entry(be);
> +			continue;
> +		}
> +		if (be->bytenr < start)
> +			continue;
> +		if (be->bytenr >= start + len)
> +			break;
> +		if (be->bytenr + be->len > start + len) {
> +			printk(KERN_ERR "Block entry overlaps a block "
> +			       "group [%llu,%llu]!\n", start, len);
> +			dump_block_entry(be);
> +		}
> +		rb_erase(&be->node, &fs_info->block_tree);
> +		free_block_entry(be);
> +	}
> +	spin_unlock(&fs_info->ref_verify_lock);
> +}
> +
> +/* Walk down all roots and build the ref tree, meant to be called at mount */
> +int btrfs_build_ref_tree(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
> +{
> +	struct btrfs_path *path;
> +	struct btrfs_root *root;
> +	struct btrfs_key key;
> +	u64 last_objectid = BTRFS_EXTENT_TREE_OBJECTID;
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	if (!btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, REF_VERIFY))
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	path = btrfs_alloc_path();
> +	if (!path)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +	ret = build_ref_tree_for_root(fs_info->tree_root);
> +	if (ret)
> +		goto out;
> +
> +	ret = build_ref_tree_for_root(fs_info->chunk_root);
> +	if (ret)
> +		goto out;
> +again:
> +	key.objectid = last_objectid;
> +	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;
> +	key.offset = 0;
> +
> +	ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, fs_info->tree_root, &key, path, 0, 0);
> +	if (ret < 0)
> +		goto out;
> +	while (1) {
> +		if (path->slots[0] >= btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0])) {
> +			ret = btrfs_next_leaf(fs_info->tree_root, path);
> +			if (ret > 0) {
> +				ret = 0;
> +				break;
> +			} else if (ret) {
> +				break;
> +			}
> +		}
> +		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, path->slots[0]);
> +		if (key.type != BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY) {
> +			path->slots[0]++;
> +			continue;
> +		}
> +		btrfs_release_path(path);
> +		root = btrfs_get_fs_root(fs_info, &key, false);
> +		if (IS_ERR(root)) {
> +			ret = PTR_ERR(root);
> +			break;
> +		}
> +		last_objectid = key.objectid + 1;
> +		ret = build_ref_tree_for_root(root);
> +		if (ret)
> +			break;
> +		goto again;
> +	}
> +out:
> +	btrfs_free_path(path);
> +	return ret;
> +}
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ref-verify.h b/fs/btrfs/ref-verify.h
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..8f508c0
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/ref-verify.h
> @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
> +/*
> + * Copyright (C) 2014 Facebook.  All rights reserved.
> + *
> + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
> + * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
> + * License v2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
> + *
> + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
> + * General Public License for more details.
> + *
> + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
> + * License along with this program; if not, write to the
> + * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
> + * Boston, MA 021110-1307, USA.
> + */
> +#ifndef __REF_VERIFY__
> +#define __REF_VERIFY__
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +int btrfs_build_ref_tree(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
> +void btrfs_free_ref_cache(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
> +int btrfs_ref_tree_mod(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes,
> +		       u64 parent, u64 ref_root, u64 owner, u64 offset,
> +		       int action);
> +void btrfs_free_ref_tree_range(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 start,
> +			       u64 len);
> +#else
> +static inline int btrfs_build_ref_tree(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
> +{
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void btrfs_free_ref_cache(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
> +{
> +}
> +
> +static inline int btrfs_ref_tree_mod(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 bytenr,
> +				     u64 num_bytes, u64 parent, u64 ref_root,
> +				     u64 owner, u64 offset, int action)
> +{
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void btrfs_free_ref_tree_range(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
> +					     u64 start, u64 len)
> +{
> +}
> +#endif /* CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY */
> +#endif /* _REF_VERIFY__ */
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/relocation.c b/fs/btrfs/relocation.c
> index b67844b..8a15464 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/relocation.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/relocation.c
> @@ -1733,7 +1733,7 @@ int replace_file_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  		dirty = 1;
>  
>  		key.offset -= btrfs_file_extent_offset(leaf, fi);
> -		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, fs_info, new_bytenr,
> +		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, root, new_bytenr,
>  					   num_bytes, parent,
>  					   btrfs_header_owner(leaf),
>  					   key.objectid, key.offset);
> @@ -1742,7 +1742,7 @@ int replace_file_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  			break;
>  		}
>  
> -		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info, bytenr, num_bytes,
> +		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, root, bytenr, num_bytes,
>  					parent, btrfs_header_owner(leaf),
>  					key.objectid, key.offset);
>  		if (ret) {
> @@ -1943,21 +1943,21 @@ int replace_path(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  					      path->slots[level], old_ptr_gen);
>  		btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(path->nodes[level]);
>  
> -		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, fs_info, old_bytenr,
> +		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, src, old_bytenr,
>  					blocksize, path->nodes[level]->start,
>  					src->root_key.objectid, level - 1, 0);
>  		BUG_ON(ret);
> -		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, fs_info, new_bytenr,
> +		ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, dest, new_bytenr,
>  					blocksize, 0, dest->root_key.objectid,
>  					level - 1, 0);
>  		BUG_ON(ret);
>  
> -		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info, new_bytenr, blocksize,
> +		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, src, new_bytenr, blocksize,
>  					path->nodes[level]->start,
>  					src->root_key.objectid, level - 1, 0);
>  		BUG_ON(ret);
>  
> -		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, fs_info, old_bytenr, blocksize,
> +		ret = btrfs_free_extent(trans, dest, old_bytenr, blocksize,
>  					0, dest->root_key.objectid, level - 1,
>  					0);
>  		BUG_ON(ret);
> @@ -2799,7 +2799,7 @@ static int do_relocation(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  						      trans->transid);
>  			btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(upper->eb);
>  
> -			ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, root->fs_info,
> +			ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, root,
>  						node->eb->start, blocksize,
>  						upper->eb->start,
>  						btrfs_header_owner(upper->eb),
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/super.c b/fs/btrfs/super.c
> index 0b7a1d8..aad45dc 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/super.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/super.c
> @@ -326,6 +326,9 @@ enum {
>  #ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
>  	Opt_fragment_data, Opt_fragment_metadata, Opt_fragment_all,
>  #endif
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +	Opt_ref_verify,
> +#endif
>  	Opt_err,
>  };
>  
> @@ -387,6 +390,9 @@ static const match_table_t tokens = {
>  	{Opt_fragment_metadata, "fragment=metadata"},
>  	{Opt_fragment_all, "fragment=all"},
>  #endif
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +	{Opt_ref_verify, "ref_verify"},
> +#endif
>  	{Opt_err, NULL},
>  };
>  
> @@ -817,6 +823,13 @@ int btrfs_parse_options(struct btrfs_fs_info *info, char *options,
>  			btrfs_set_opt(info->mount_opt, FRAGMENT_DATA);
>  			break;
>  #endif
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +		case Opt_ref_verify:
> +			btrfs_info(info, "doing ref verification");
> +			btrfs_set_opt(info->mount_opt,
> +				      REF_VERIFY);
> +			break;
> +#endif
>  		case Opt_err:
>  			btrfs_info(info, "unrecognized mount option '%s'", p);
>  			ret = -EINVAL;
> @@ -1295,6 +1308,10 @@ static int btrfs_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *dentry)
>  	if (btrfs_test_opt(info, FRAGMENT_METADATA))
>  		seq_puts(seq, ",fragment=metadata");
>  #endif
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
> +	if (btrfs_test_opt(info, REF_VERIFY))
> +		seq_puts(seq, ",ref_verify");
> +#endif
>  	seq_printf(seq, ",subvolid=%llu",
>  		  BTRFS_I(d_inode(dentry))->root->root_key.objectid);
>  	seq_puts(seq, ",subvol=");
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c b/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c
> index da9d802..34b6070 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c
> @@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ static noinline int replay_one_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
>  			ret = btrfs_lookup_data_extent(fs_info, ins.objectid,
>  						ins.offset);
>  			if (ret == 0) {
> -				ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, fs_info,
> +				ret = btrfs_inc_extent_ref(trans, root,
>  						ins.objectid, ins.offset,
>  						0, root->root_key.objectid,
>  						key->objectid, offset);
> -- 
> 2.7.4
> 
> --
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