Re: [PATCH 1/2] x86: abort secondary CPU bring-up gracefully if do_boot_cpu timed out on cpu_callin_mask

[Igor Mammedov <imammedo@xxxxxxxxxx>]

Hi Toshi,

I'm sorry for delayed response, I was on vacation. Thanks for looking at 
the patch, my comments are below.

PS:
I'm not happy with introducing one more sync point and bitmat. Well, 
it's necessary to somehow notify being on-lined CPU that master CPU will 
wait for it, but perhaps it could be done even earlier than in this 
patch and less stuff should be backed-out.

Currently master CPU spins on cpu_callin_mask till secondary CPU sets it
in smp_callin(). Then master CPU leaves do_boot_cpu() and does nothing 
in native_cpu_up() first waiting for secondary CPU in 
check_tsc_sync_source() or if that is skipped then immediately spinning 
on 'while (!cpu_online(cpu))'.
Master CPU will do nothing and will not call any CPU notifiers until 
secondary CPU reports that it is ONLINE by setting bit in 
cpu_online_mask at the end of start_secondary().

So questions to experts are:

 1. what is purpose of cpu_callin_mask

 2. why master CPU spins on cpu_callin_mask but not on cpu_initialized_mask

In current state of code, it looks like cpu_callin_mask is not necessary 
and we could remove it completely and spin on cpu_initialized_mask in 
do_boot_cpu() instead. Then when master CPU
sees secondary CPU in cpu_initialized_mask it could set cpu_callout_mask 
to ack its intention not to cancel and wait until
secondary CPU is booted.


PS2:
I wish x86 maintainers were more responsive to the topic and in 
discussion we could find a way to fix problem. With their expertise, 
It's surely easier to spot potential issues and see correct approach for 
the fix.

----- Original Message -----
> From: "Toshi Kani" <toshi.kani@xxxxxx>
> To: imammedo@xxxxxxxxxx
> Cc: linux-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, prarit@xxxxxxxxxx, oleg@xxxxxxxxxx, rob@xxxxxxxxxxx, tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx,
> mingo@xxxxxxxxxx, hpa@xxxxxxxxx, x86@xxxxxxxxxx, luto@xxxxxxx, "suresh b siddha" <suresh.b.siddha@xxxxxxxxx>,
> avi@xxxxxxxxxx, "a p zijlstra" <a.p.zijlstra@xxxxxxxxx>, johnstul@xxxxxxxxxx, "toshi kani" <toshi.kani@xxxxxx>
> Sent: Wednesday, July 11, 2012 11:49:19 PM
> Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/2] x86: abort secondary CPU bring-up gracefully if do_boot_cpu timed out on cpu_callin_mask
>
> Hi Igor,
>
> This is a nice work to handle CPU bring-up error properly.  My
> comments
> are in-line below.
>
> On Wed, 2012-07-11 at 14:12 -0600, Toshi Kani wrote:
> > Master CPU may timeout before cpu_callin_mask is set and cancel
> > booting CPU, but being onlined CPU still continues to boot, sets
> > cpu_active_mask (CPU_STARTING notifiers) and spins in
> > check_tsc_sync_target() for master cpu to arrive. Following attempt
> > to online another cpu hangs in stop_machine, initiated from here:
> >
> > smp_callin ->
> >   smp_store_cpu_info ->
> >     identify_secondary_cpu ->
> >       mtrr_ap_init -> set_mtrr_from_inactive_cpu
> >
> > stop_machine waits on completion of stop_work on all CPUs from
> > cpu_active_mask including a failed CPU that spins in
> > check_tsc_sync_target().
> >
> > Issue could be fixed if being onlined CPU continues to boot and
> > calls
> > notify_cpu_starting(cpuid) only when master CPU waits for it to
> > come online. If master CPU times out on cpu_callin_mask and goes
> > via
> > cancel path, the being onlined CPU should gracefully shutdown
> > itself.
> >
> > Patch introduces cpu_may_complete_boot_mask to notify a being
> > onlined
> > CPU that it may call notify_cpu_starting(cpuid) and continue to
> > boot
> > when master CPU goes via normal boot path and going to wait till
> > the
> > being onlined CPU completes its initialization.
> >
> > normal boot sequence will look like:
> >     master CPU1                         being onlined CPU2
> >
> >  * wait for CPU2 in cpu_callin_mask
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> >                                         * set CPU2 in
> >                                         cpu_callin_mask
> >                                         * wait till CPU1 set CPU2
> >                                         bit
> >                                         in
> >                                         cpu_may_complete_boot_mask
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> >  * set CPU2 bit in
> >    cpu_may_complete_boot_mask
> >  * return from do_boot_cpu() and
> >    wait in
> >      - check_tsc_sync_source() or
> >      - while (!cpu_online(CPU2))
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> >                                         * call
> >                                         notify_cpu_starting()
> > 					  and continue CPU2 initialization
> > 					* mark itself as ONLINE
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> >  * return to _cpu_up and call
> >    cpu_notify(CPU_ONLINE, ...)
> >
> > cancel/error path will look like:
> >     master CPU1                         being onlined CPU2
> >
> >  * time out on cpu_callin_mask
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> >                                        * set CPU2 in
> >                                        cpu_callin_mask
> >                                        * wait till CPU2 is set in
> >                                          cpu_may_complete_boot_mask
> >                                          or
> >                                          cleared in
> >                                          cpu_callout_mask
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> >  * clear CPU2 in cpu_callout_mask
> >  and return with error
> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> >                                        * do cleanups and
> >                                        play_dead()
> >
> > Note:
> > It's safe for being onlined CPU to set cpu_callin_mask before
> > calling
> > notify_cpu_starting() because master CPU may first wait for being
> > booted
> > CPU in check_tsc_sync_source() and then it waits in native_cpu_up()
> > till
> > being booted CPU comes online and only when being booted CPU sets
> > cpu_online_mask
> > it will exit native_cpu_up() and then call CPU_ONLINE notifiers.
> >
> > v3:
> >   - added missing remove_siblinginfo() on 'die' error path.
> >   - added explanation why it's ok to set cpu_callin_mask before
> >   calling
> >     CPU_STARTING notifiers
> >   - being booted CPU will wait for master CPU without timeouts
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@xxxxxxxxxx>
> > ---
> >  arch/x86/include/asm/cpumask.h |    1 +
> >  arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c   |    2 ++
> >  arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c      |   34
> >  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
> >  3 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpumask.h
> > b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpumask.h
> > index 61c852f..eacd269 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpumask.h
> > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpumask.h
> > @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ extern cpumask_var_t cpu_callin_mask;
> >  extern cpumask_var_t cpu_callout_mask;
> >  extern cpumask_var_t cpu_initialized_mask;
> >  extern cpumask_var_t cpu_sibling_setup_mask;
> > +extern cpumask_var_t cpu_may_complete_boot_mask;
> >
> >  extern void setup_cpu_local_masks(void);
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
> > b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
> > index 6b9333b..16984f1 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
> > +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
> > @@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
> >  cpumask_var_t cpu_initialized_mask;
> >  cpumask_var_t cpu_callout_mask;
> >  cpumask_var_t cpu_callin_mask;
> > +cpumask_var_t cpu_may_complete_boot_mask;
> >
> >  /* representing cpus for which sibling maps can be computed */
> >  cpumask_var_t cpu_sibling_setup_mask;
> > @@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ void __init setup_cpu_local_masks(void)
> >  	alloc_bootmem_cpumask_var(&cpu_callin_mask);
> >  	alloc_bootmem_cpumask_var(&cpu_callout_mask);
> >  	alloc_bootmem_cpumask_var(&cpu_sibling_setup_mask);
> > +	alloc_bootmem_cpumask_var(&cpu_may_complete_boot_mask);
> >  }
> >
> >  static void __cpuinit default_init(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c b/arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c
> > index 7bd8a08..95948b9 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c
> > +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c
> > @@ -122,6 +122,8 @@ EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(cpu_info);
> >
> >  atomic_t init_deasserted;
> >
> > +static void remove_siblinginfo(int cpu);
> > +
> >  /*
> >   * Report back to the Boot Processor.
> >   * Running on AP.
> > @@ -218,12 +220,37 @@ static void __cpuinit smp_callin(void)
> >  	set_cpu_sibling_map(raw_smp_processor_id());
> >  	wmb();
> >
> > -	notify_cpu_starting(cpuid);
> > -
> >  	/*
> >  	 * Allow the master to continue.
> >  	 */
> >  	cpumask_set_cpu(cpuid, cpu_callin_mask);
> > +
> > +	/*
> > +	 * Wait for signal from master CPU to continue or abort.
> > +	 */
> > +	while (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpuid, cpu_may_complete_boot_mask) &&
> > +		cpumask_test_cpu(cpuid, cpu_callout_mask)) {
> > +		cpu_relax();
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	/* die if master cancelled cpu_up */
> > +	if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpuid, cpu_may_complete_boot_mask))
> > +		goto die;
> > +
> > +	notify_cpu_starting(cpuid);
> > +	return;
> > +
> > +die:
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
> > +	numa_remove_cpu(cpuid);
>
> smp_callin() calls numa_add_cpu(), so it makes sense to perform this
> back-out from here.  However, do_boot_cpu() also calls this function
> in
> its error path.  I think we should change do_boot_cpu() to perform
> its
> back-out to the master CPU's initialization code only.  This would
> keep
> their responsibility clear and avoid any race condition.
Reason to keep numa_remove_cpu() in do_boot_cpu() is for the case where
being onlined CPU is permanently stuck on boot. In this case 
numa_remove_cpu() would not be called from smp_callin().
Anyway race is still there:
 master CPU: numa_remove_cpu()
  ... window with incorrect numa state
 secondary CPU: numa_add_cpu()
 secondary CPU: numa_remove_cpu()

> Also, it would be helpful to have a comment like /* was set by
> smp_store_cpu_info() */ to state this responsibility clearly.
I'll fix it in next version.

> > +	remove_siblinginfo(cpuid);
> > +	clear_local_APIC();
> > +	/* was set by cpu_init() */
> > +	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpuid, cpu_initialized_mask);
>
> This is also called by do_boot_cpu().  Same comment as above.
>
> > +	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpuid, cpu_callin_mask);
> > +	play_dead();
> > +#endif
> > +	panic("%s: Failed to online CPU%d!\n", __func__, cpuid);
>
> Why does it panic in case of !CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU?  Is this because
> user
> cannot online this CPU later on, so it might be better off rebooting
> with a panic?  Can I also assume that user can try to on-line this
> failed CPU if CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is set?  Some comment would be
> helpful
> to clarify this behavior.
User isn't able to online/offline CPUs if kernel is built without 
CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU.
Define is here to cover failed on boot CPU for non hotplug capable 
kernel. A bunch of code to stop CPU is just not built for non hotplug
kernel so what else to do except of panicking?

> Thanks,
> -Toshi
>
>
> >  }
> >
> >  /*
> > @@ -752,6 +779,8 @@ static int __cpuinit do_boot_cpu(int apicid,
> > int cpu, struct task_struct *idle)
> >  		}
> >
> >  		if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpu_callin_mask)) {
> > +			/* Signal AP that it may continue to boot */
> > +			cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, cpu_may_complete_boot_mask);
> >  			print_cpu_msr(&cpu_data(cpu));
> >  			pr_debug("CPU%d: has booted.\n", cpu);
> >  		} else {
> > @@ -1225,6 +1254,7 @@ static void __ref remove_cpu_from_maps(int
> > cpu)
> >  	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, cpu_callin_mask);
> >  	/* was set by cpu_init() */
> >  	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, cpu_initialized_mask);
> > +	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, cpu_may_complete_boot_mask);
> >  	numa_remove_cpu(cpu);
> >  }
> >
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