Re: [PATCH v6 5/7] arm64: ftrace: Add dynamic ftrace support

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Thank you for you clarification, Steven.

-Takahiro AKASHI

On 03/14/2014 03:33 AM, Steven Rostedt wrote:
On Thu, 2014-03-13 at 18:10 +0000, Will Deacon wrote:

+#else /* CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */
+/*
+ * _mcount() is used to build the kernel with -pg option, but all the branch
+ * instructions to _mcount() are replaced to NOP initially at kernel start up,
+ * and later on, NOP to branch to ftrace_caller() when enabled or branch to
+ * NOP when disabled per-function base.
+ */
+ENTRY(_mcount)
+	ret
+ENDPROC(_mcount)

Judging by your comment then, this should never be called. Is that right? If
so, we could add a BUG-equivalent so we know if we missed an mcount during
patching.

Actually, it can be called before the change to nops are done in early
boot. This is done very early, but everything before ftrace_init() in
init/main.c can still call _mcount.


+	/*
+	 * Note:
+	 * Due to modules and __init, code can disappear and change,
+	 * we need to protect against faulting as well as code changing.
+	 * We do this by aarch64_insn_*() which use the probe_kernel_*().
+	 *
+	 * No lock is held here because all the modifications are run
+	 * through stop_machine().
+	 */
+	if (validate) {
+		if (aarch64_insn_read((void *)pc, &replaced))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (replaced != old)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (aarch64_insn_patch_text_nosync((void *)pc, new))
+		return -EPERM;

I think you're better off propagating the errors here, rather than
overriding them with EFAULT/EINVAL/EPERM.

The ftrace generic code expects to see these specific errors. Look at
ftrace_bug() in kernel/trace/ftrace.c.


+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Replace tracer function in ftrace_caller()
+ */
+int ftrace_update_ftrace_func(ftrace_func_t func)
+{
+	unsigned long pc;
+	unsigned int new;
+
+	pc = (unsigned long)&ftrace_call;
+	new = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm(pc, (unsigned long)func, true);
+
+	return ftrace_modify_code(pc, 0, new, false);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Turn on the call to ftrace_caller() in instrumented function
+ */
+int ftrace_make_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
+{
+	unsigned long pc = rec->ip;
+	unsigned int old, new;
+
+	old = aarch64_insn_gen_nop();
+	new = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm(pc, addr, true);
+
+	return ftrace_modify_code(pc, old, new, true);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Turn off the call to ftrace_caller() in instrumented function
+ */
+int ftrace_make_nop(struct module *mod,
+		    struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
+{
+	unsigned long pc = rec->ip;
+	unsigned int old, new;
+
+	old = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm(pc, addr, true);
+	new = aarch64_insn_gen_nop();
+
+	return ftrace_modify_code(pc, old, new, true);
+}
+
+int __init ftrace_dyn_arch_init(void *data)
+{
+	*(unsigned long *)data = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */
+
  #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
  /*
   * function_graph tracer expects ftrace_return_to_handler() to be called
@@ -61,4 +144,34 @@ void prepare_ftrace_return(unsigned long *parent, unsigned long self_addr,
  		return;
  	}
  }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
+/*
+ * Turn on/off the call to ftrace_graph_caller() in ftrace_caller()
+ * depending on @enable.
+ */
+static int ftrace_modify_graph_caller(bool enable)
+{
+	unsigned long pc = (unsigned long)&ftrace_graph_call;
+	unsigned int branch, nop, old, new;
+
+	branch = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm(pc,
+			(unsigned long)ftrace_graph_caller, false);
+	nop = aarch64_insn_gen_nop();
+	old = enable ? nop : branch;
+	new = enable ? branch : nop;
+
+	return ftrace_modify_code(pc, old, new, true);

You could rewrite this as:

	if (enable)
		return ftrace_modify_code(pc, nop, branch, true);
	else
		return ftrace_modify_code(pc, branch, nop, true);

which I find easier to read.

Heh, maybe that could be updated in other archs too. I'll have to think
about that one.

-- Steve



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